Welfare and unemployment Essay Example for Free

benefit and un piece of work EssayWelf be is a term used to describe a long spectrum of parameters for human well being. These parameters include security, education, economy, housing, health and natural environment. In essence, eudaemonia encompasses wellness of all aspects of life. Basically, welfargon can be defined as wellness or well doing or wellbeing in regard to enjoyment of health and common blessings of life, free from any evil or disasters development and happiness. Welfare can be viewed in the perspective of both an exclusive and community as a whole. On the new(prenominal) hand, unemployment refers to a situation where an individual is available to scat and currently searching for work plainly there is no where he/she can work. The level of unemployment is measured by unemployment rate which is usually set forth as the percentage of the people in the labor force who open gotten employed. It is a matter of var. that unemployment impacts negatively to the wel fare of the people in a country. These impacts occur at individual, family and community levels.Some of the impacts of unemployment that are commonly known include poor housing, drop of in cum, poor health, lack of food, insecurity, lack of education , appeal of debts, Xenophobia, protectionism and immigration hence it is agreeable among people of different quotas that unemployment and welfare are closely cerebrate (Anderson, 2000, 67) . To flummox with, one of the most important measures of welfare is health. According to WHO, health is defined as a invoke of complete wellness physiologically, scotchally, complaisantly and emotionally and not merely the absence of a disease or disability.In this regard, economy and neighborly factors are key determinants of human health. The welfare of the economy and social positioning is dependent on the availability of work that provides employment to the people. In the contemporary realness, employment means work which is consistent a nd money can be paid for it. The need for earning money has made a compensable job as a top agenda in the priorities and lives of many people. Due to this reason, job has got a significant impact on the mental, physical and social health status of the society.There is a hoi polloi of documented research and empirical evidence on the effects of lack of jobs on the health of the people. involvement to may people gives them a sense of consistency, purpose and identity, belongingness, social identity and a chance for individuals growth and development. In some cases, some say that it provides to them self-realization and creativity. When one is unemployed, he/she is considered to have lost these vital benefits and therefore it results to adverse effects to his/her health (Earney, 1997, 102).According to numerous studies that have conducted world wide, there seems to be a pattern of increasing mortality rate during the times of negative economic growth, such as time of increasing unem ployment. For example, in Scotland (1983), there was a time lag of 0 to 13 years in its population, meaning that the death rate was increased by the continuously juicy and rising unemployment during that time. This association of health and unemployment can be depicted well in the studies of cardiovascular diseases.From outline of various studies, it has been proved that there is a positive relationship of unemployment and coronary heart diseases deaths. This is basically because of the tense up that is related with unemployment. From these studies, it has been specifically noted that, aged employees who were retrenched and the young people who are jobless are to a greater extent prone to stroke and high blood pressure disorders than the other segments of the populations.The other measure of the association mingled with unemployment and health is number of suicides. In the studies that have been conducted so far, it has been proved that in most cases, those who attempted suicid e had been unemployed or jobless. This was more so among the adolescents males. Research has also shown that high risks of injury and accidents are related to unemployment (Nelson, 1999, 33). Unemployment has also been identified as one of the cause of the many mental capers being experienced of late.It is corroborate by research that immediate job loss, long time joblessness and many mental and physical health disorders are closely related. The mental health negative effects of joblessness include consistent depression, insomnia, self-harming feelings , anxiety, dullness, pessimism , decline in self esteem and reduced ability to make decision. In one of the studies in USA, it was found that the physicians put down the highest number of psychiatric patients during the times of economic recession which is characterized by a cope of joblessness.Also, worthy noting was the unique(p) finding that most health facilities received the highest number of clients in the times of economic difficulties contrary to the expression assumption of the people that patients increase at the time of economic boom when there is a lot of money in circulation for seek healthcare. Unemployment does not spare the welfare of children either. It has been noted that children are adversely moved(p) when the parents are jobless.In such cases, the families lack finances to cater for their basic needs akin seeking for health care, education, shelter and food. This results to increased infant mortality, morbidity rates and hospital admissions. In one of the studies in Britain, it was found out that unemployment doubled the risk of sickness for young children who were admitted at the health facilities. Unemployment makes the young to mother from material deprivation, depression and other psychological problems, somatic symptoms and sicknesses, juvenile delinquency, poor performance in discipline and lack of attachment to the parents.It has also been observed that child abuse and negl ect becomes rampant when jobless occurs (Gulluly, 1998, 23). For women, the problem of unemployment profits the hardest. It predisposes them to the practice of prostitution so as to earn income for catering for their needs and their families. Such practice has resulted to bustling spread of sexually transmitted infections like HIV and others. Moreover, joblessness among women leads to increased levels of the cases of maternal mortality . This is referable to lack finances for seeking maternal health services, which in most developing countries are paid for.To turn down the situation, the married women have been on the receiving end in the times of unemployment since many men divorce them or run away leaving them with a heavy burden of feeding the families. Such cases have been inform in developing countries where the men leave their wives and migrate to other areas in the name of hunting for job. The shuffle effect of this flesh of migration is extended to food production in that it leads to the lack of manpower in pastoral areas and therefore agriculture is adversely affected.When it comes to the relationship between unemployment and housing, it is evident that the minor level of income which is associated with unemployment results to mushrooming of open settlements like slums in towns and squatters in rural areas. The unemployed lack money to rent descent houses or subvert land of their own thus results to deviation of the law and settling in lands owned by other people. This leads to cycle of crimes and battles between the security officers and the jobless people.In addition to this, standards of living are affected with the informal settlement dwellers lacking basic necessities like drainage systems, water and other sanitation facilities hence patronage outbreaks of diseases (Snower, 2000, 16). In other cases, chronic lack of jobs leads to xenophobic attacks that polarizes the diplomatic relation of a country with others. This occurs due to thi nking that unemployment results when the available jobs are being taken by a foreigner who is regarded as non citizens.During this kind of attacks, robbery, rape, destruction of property and demonstrations become the order of the day. To evade such adverse influences of unemployment, many countries have come up with economic strategic plans that attempt to ensure there are adequate employment opportunities to bury jobless people and graduates from both universities and other tertiary level colleges. USA has been on the fore seem in endeavor. The president-elect barrack Obama has come up with policies for the country to address the low level of unemployment that had occurred during the previous disposal (Adam, 2003, 86).These include provision of immediate tax cut for workers and their families. This aims to make half of the tax credit be available to the workers and the jobless thus maintaining the consumer expenditure, strengthening the economy as well as rescuing many Americans who are faced with economic challenges. Another strategy which president Oboma is using is the provision of immediate supplement to social security for the low and middle income seniors. This is because the president understands that high prices are overburdening the seniors surviving on fixed incomes.He is providing to the middle and low income that are not benefiting from the tax credit, an immediate one time supplement to their social security benefit. Establishment of a kitty to assist families from foreclosure is another way which Obama is using to cushion the low income earners and the unemployed. This plan will aid people to live in their residentials and renegotiate with their lenders as well as preventing more decline in property values thus reducing the effect of a content foreclosure crisis on the state and household budgets.Lastly, he has initiated the provision of relief for local and state governments badly hit by housing crisis to protect curtailment of services lik e health education and infrastructure. This is because the housing crisis and drop economy has resulted to significant decline of revenue in both state and local governments. In terminus therefore, it is of a paramount importance for any government to ensure that the economy is properly managed to produce employment opportunities since failure to do so may result to eruption of incidences that ripple the welfare of a country. change by reversal citedAdams Frank. Unemployment and Social Decay in Urban areas. Routledge, London, 2003, pp. 86 Anderson Ewan. An Introduction to Essentials of Economics.. Praeger Publishers, Westport CT, 2000, pp. 67 Earney Fillmore. The Global Indicators of Social Welfare. Macmillan Publishers, London, 1997, pp. 102 Gulluly James. The Principles of Economics. W. H Fremmil, 1998, pp. 23 Nelson Daniel. Unemployment Insurance The American Experience. University of Wisconsin, 1999, NewYork, pp. 33 Snower Dennis. Unemployment Benefits An Assessment for Reform s. Macmillan Publishers, London, 2000, pp. 16